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Deep sea mining is the extraction of minerals from the seabed of the deep sea. The main ores of commercial interest are polymetallic nodules , which are found at depths of 4–6 km (2.5–3.7 mi) primarily on the abyssal plain .
Model of seabed mining technology. Seabed mining, also known as Seafloor mining [1] is the recovery of minerals from the seabed by techniques of underwater mining. The concept includes mining at shallow depths on the continental shelf and deep-sea mining at greater depths associated with tectonic activity, hydrothermal vents and the abyssal plains.
Brine mining is the extraction of useful materials (chemical elements or compounds) which are naturally dissolved in brine.The brine may be seawater, other surface water, groundwater, or hyper-saline solutions from several industries (e.g., textile industries). [1]
Polymetallic nodules are found in both shallow (e.g. the Baltic Sea [7]) and deeper waters (e.g. the central Pacific), even in lakes, [8] and are thought to have been a feature of the seas and oceans at least since the deep oceans were oxygenated in the Ediacaran period over 540 million years ago.
Marine geology has several methods of detecting geological features below the sea. [2] [13] [14] [15] One of the economic benefits of geological surveying of the seafloor is determining valuable resources that can be extracted. [42] The two major resources mined at sea include oil and minerals.
The clean energy transition is expected to cause demand for mineral resources to soar, and interest in extracting them from previously untapped sources, like the ocean floor and space, is growing ...
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) — High demand for metals ranging from copper to cobalt is pushing the mining industry to explore the world’s deepest oceans, a troubling development for scientists ...
One method of extracting uranium from seawater is using a uranium-specific nonwoven fabric as an adsorbent. The total amount of uranium recovered from three collection boxes containing 350 kg of fabric was >1 kg of yellowcake after 240 days of submersion in the ocean. [37] The experiment by Seko et al. was repeated by Tamada et al. in 2006.