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Float glass is a sheet of glass made by floating molten glass on a bed of molten metal of a low melting point, typically tin, [1] although lead was used for the process in the past. [2] This method gives the sheet uniform thickness and a very flat surface. [ 3 ]
Most float glass is soda–lime glass, but relatively minor quantities of special borosilicate [10] and flat panel display glass are also produced using the float glass process. [11] The float glass process is also known as the Pilkington process, [12] named after the British glass manufacturer Pilkington, who pioneered the technique (invented ...
Inspector at the cool end of a lehr. In the manufacture of float glass, a lehr oven is a long kiln with an end-to-end temperature gradient, which is used for annealing newly made glass objects that are transported through the temperature gradient either on rollers or on a conveyor belt.
In hollow glass production (hollow glass), the glass machine below is fed with glass gobs. In flat glass production (float glass), the glass is fed at special wide outlets as a glass ribbon over a so-called float bath of liquid tin (for flat glass without structure : e.g. window glass, car glass) or for flat glass with structure over a profiled ...
Most float glass is soda–lime glass, but relatively minor quantities of specialty borosilicate [59] and flat panel display glass are also produced using the float glass process. The success of this process lay in the careful balance of the volume of glass fed onto the bath, where it was flattened by its own weight. [60] Full scale profitable ...
The large panes of glazing in this station are pieces of float glass. The breakthrough in large, mass-produced, continuous glass production happened in the 1950s with the development of the Float glass manufacturing process. Molten glass is poured over a surface of molten tin, where it flattens out and can be drawn off in a ribbon.
Borosilicate glass is a type of glass with silica and boron trioxide as the main glass-forming constituents. Borosilicate glasses are known for having very low coefficients of thermal expansion (≈3 × 10 −6 K −1 at 20 °C), making them more resistant to thermal shock than any other common glass.
A later manufacturing method used wooden molds to speed up the float-making process. Glass floats were blown into a mold to more easily achieve a uniform size and shape. Seams on the outside of floats are a result of this process. Sometimes knife markings where the wooden molds were carved are also visible on the surface of the glass.