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Opioid withdrawal is a set of symptoms ... Pregabalin, another GABA analogue, was more effective than clonidine in reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms. [18]
Clonidine can also be used for migraine headaches and hot flashes associated with menopause. [60] [61] Clonidine has also been used to treat refractory diarrhea associated with irritable bowel syndrome, fecal incontinence, diabetes, diarrhea associated with opioid withdrawal, intestinal failure, neuroendocrine tumors, and cholera. [62]
Lofexidine is structurally analogous to clonidine, another α 2 adrenergic receptor agonist used for treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms. A comparison of the two structures is shown at right. A comparison of the two structures is shown at right.
Some addiction medicine practitioners use the term withdrawal management instead of detoxification. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A detoxification program for physical dependence does not necessarily address the precedents of addiction , social factors, psychological addiction, or the often-complex behavioral issues that intermingle with addiction.
α 2 agonist: inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity, reduces brainstem vasomotor center-mediated CNS activation; used as antihypertensive, sedative & treatment of opiate dependence and alcohol withdrawal symptoms). Selected examples are: Brimonidine; Clonidine (mixed alpha2-adrenergic and imidazoline-I1 receptor agonist) Dexmedetomidine; Fadolmidine
Gold’s research has used laboratory models to study addiction mechanisms associated with drugs, food, and other behaviors, contributing to new treatment methods. His research demonstrated clonidine’s effectiveness for opioid withdrawal [11], marking one of the earliest applications of a non-opioid medication for withdrawal symptoms. [2]