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Sonja Morgenstern from Germany skates a compulsory figure, 1971. The demise and revival of compulsory figures occurred, respectively, in 1990, when the International Skating Union (ISU) removed compulsory figures from international single skating competitions, and beginning in 2015, when the first competition focusing entirely on figures took place.
The Art of Skating, one of the earliest books about figure skating, was written by Robert Jones in 1772 and described five advanced figures, three of which were illustrated with large color plates. [7] Jones' limited body of figures, which emphasized correct technique, were the accepted and basic repertoire of figures in 18th-century England. [8]
Terry Kubicka from the U.S. was the first figure skater to successfully execute a legal backflip at the Olympics, during the 1976 Winter Olympics. [3] Kubicka got the idea of using the backflip in his skating from Evy Scotvold, his coach, who wanted to help advance athleticism in figure skating and to go beyond the triple jumps that were the most difficult elements in the sport at the time.
Figure skating consists of the following disciplines: In Single skating, male and female skaters compete individually. Figure skating is the oldest winter sport contested at the Olympics, with men's and women's single skating appearing as two of the four figure skating events at the London Games in 1908. [21]
Three turn diagram. A three-turn is a figure skating element which involves both a change in direction and a change in edge. For example, when a skater executes a forward outside three-turn, the skater begins on a forward outside edge and finishes on a backwards inside edge. [1]
Special figures have had a modern renaissance with the founding of the World Figure Sport Society in 2015 and the World Figure & Fancy Skating Championships & Festival on black ice. [2] Special figures are now being competed at the World Figure & Fancy Skating Championships by skating artists including the Maltese Cross, the Swiss S, the Winged ...
The Art of Skating has been called "a milestone in the history of figure skating"; [2] it described basic techniques of skating, which was a recreational activity at the time, before the development of figure skating as a sport in the late 1800s. Jones was the first to recognise skating as an art form and advocated for the inclusion of women in ...
Clark was coached by Carlo and Christa Fassi, as were Dorothy Hamill and John Curry. Clark is also the 2017 World Fancy Skating Champion, which is a blend of figure composition and artistic free skating. His gold medal was presented by Barbara Wagner, the 1960 Olympic Pairs Figure Skating Champion.