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abducts, intorts, and depress eye. right medial, superior, and inferior recti (superior and inferior oblique muscles are the synergists) 2. 1. oblique, inferior. head, extraocular (left/right) orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove. laterally onto eyeball, deep to lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon.
Skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle (commonly referred to as muscle) is one of the three types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. They are part of the voluntary muscular system [1] and typically are attached by tendons to bones of a skeleton. [2][3] The skeletal muscle cells are much longer than in the ...
The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. [1] The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle) can be completely autonomous ...
Muscle architecture is the physical arrangement of muscle fibers at the macroscopic level that determines a muscle's mechanical function. There are several different muscle architecture types including: parallel, pennate and hydrostats. Force production and gearing vary depending on the different muscle parameters such as muscle length, fiber ...
For example, the pronator teres muscle of the forearm. Unipennate muscles have fibers that run the entire length of only one side of a muscle, like a quill pen. For example, the fibularis muscles. Bipennate muscles consist of two rows of oblique muscle fibres, facing in opposite diagonal directions, converging on a central tendon.
A pennate or pinnate muscle (also called a penniform muscle) is a type of skeletal muscle with fascicles that attach obliquely (in a slanting position) to its tendon. This type of muscle generally allows higher force production but a smaller range of motion. [1][2] When a muscle contracts and shortens, the pennation angle increases.
Muscle is formed during embryonic development, in a process known as myogenesis. Muscle tissue contains special contractile proteins called actin and myosin which interact to cause movement. Among many other muscle proteins, present are two regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin. [1] Muscle tissue varies with function and location in the ...
A smooth-muscle cell is a spindle-shaped myocyte with a wide middle and tapering ends, and a single nucleus. Like striated muscle, smooth muscle can tense and relax. In the relaxed state, each cell is 30–200 micrometers in length, some thousands of times shorter than a skeletal muscle cell. [1]