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German soldier and his horse in the Russian SFSR, 1941.In two months, December 1941 and January 1942, the German Army on the Eastern Front lost 189,000 horses. [1]Horses in World War II were used by the belligerent nations, for transportation of troops, artillery, materiel, messages, and, to a lesser extent, in mobile cavalry troops.
Horse cavalry began to be phased out after World War I in favour of tank warfare, though a few horse cavalry units were still used into World War II, especially as scouts. By the end of World War II, horses were seldom seen in battle, but were still used extensively for the transport of troops and supplies.
Approximately 186 horses were part of the Metropolitan Police mounted division during the second World War. Mounted patrols were stationed throughout London to aid in controlling traffic and improve the morale of Londoners during the frequent German V-1 and V-2 bombing raids that wracked the city during the early to mid-1940s. [2]
Charlie, the horse who carried the dispatch from General Slocum to General Sherman announcing the surrender of Atlanta, Georgia in the American Civil War. Homing pigeons have seen use since medieval times for carrying messages. They were still employed for a similar purpose during World War I and World War II.
Immediately afterwards, Stewart managed to evacuate the horses. Some horses were mounted and the rest were herded, leaving just as the first Soviet T-34 appeared in sight. The Soviets did not oppose the evacuation. The operation was concluded when all the horses were loaded into trucks near the border and secured behind American lines. [1]
The German army relied heavily on horses for transport purposes in the war, and had 2.75 million horses and mules. [93] In 1945, of Germany's 304 combat units, only 13 were motorized, and the remaining units depended on horses and cattle to carry equipment and heavy weapons. [90] [94] The horse losses in the German army were immense. [95]
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Intended to serve mounted regiments in the Eastern and Western theaters of the War, respectively, the depots were supplied with horses purchased at markets in nine major locations. Each depot could handle between 10,000 and 16,000 horses, with General Stoneman suggesting the construction of a third depot during his time as Bureau commander. [5]