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For optimal visual development in newborns and young infants, a visually significant unilateral congenital cataract should be detected and removed before age 6 weeks, and visually significant bilateral congenital cataracts should be removed before age 10 weeks. [1]
Childhood cataract is cataract that occurs at birth or in childhood. [1] It may be congenital or acquired. Congenital cataracts are defined as the presence of lens opacification during childhood. [2] About 1.14 million children in the world are blind. [3] Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in children. [4]
Bilateral cataracts in an infant due to congenital rubella syndrome Signs and symptoms vary depending on the type of cataract, though considerable overlap occurs. People with nuclear sclerotic or brunescent cataracts often notice a reduction of vision .
Family medical history FOH: Family ocular history F/U: Follow up appointment GH: General health G(M)P: General (medical) practitioner HA: Headaches HARC: Harmonious abnormal retinal correspondence HM: Hand motion vision – state distance Hx: History IOL: Intra-ocular lens IOP: Intra-ocular pressure ISNT: Inferior, Superior, Nasal, Temporal
Congenital cataract is a lens transparency disorder that occurs at birth or soon after. It is a leading cause of treatable vision loss or visual impairment in children. [2] A cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens. and is caused by a disruption in the normal structure or function of the lens protein, resulting in opacity.
A cataract is an opacity that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye. [9] The word cataract literally means, "curtain of water" or "waterfall" as rapidly running water turns white, so the term may have been used metaphorically to describe the similar appearance between mature ocular opacities and water fall.
Leukocoria is a medical sign for a number of conditions, including Coats disease, congenital cataract, corneal scarring, melanoma of the ciliary body, [2] Norrie disease, ocular toxocariasis, persistence of the tunica vasculosa lentis (PFV/PHPV), retinoblastoma, and retrolental fibroplasia.
Childhood blindness is most prevalent among children with genetic ancestry from Africa and Asia, who represent 75% of the world's affected population. [13] [32] A 2014 review indicated that an estimated 238,500 children with bilateral blindness (rate 1.2/1,000) live in the Eastern Mediterranean region. [30]