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Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. [5] This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. [5] It is also available in drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, in which it is combined with pseudoephedrine, a nasal decongestant. [5]
Typically, people take antihistamines as an inexpensive, generic (not patented) drug that can be bought without a prescription and provides relief from nasal congestion, sneezing, or hives caused by pollen, dust mites, or animal allergy with few side effects. [1] Antihistamines are usually for short-term treatment. [1]
Desloratadine sold under the brand name Clarinex among others, is a tricyclic H 1 inverse agonist that is used to treat allergies.It is an active metabolite of loratadine. [6]It was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 2001. [7]
A Clarinase Repetab tablet contains 5 mg loratadine in the tablet coating and 120 mg pseudoephedrine sulfate equally distributed between the tablet coating and the barrier-coated core. The two active components in the coating are quickly liberated; release of pseudoephedrine in the core is delayed for several hours.
Ketamine is a drug used for anesthesia, and is also used as a recreational drug, both in powder and liquid form, for its hallucinogenic and dissociative effects. [ 38 ] Some national laws prohibit the use of different recreational drugs; medicinal drugs that have the potential for recreational use are often heavily regulated.
Side effects of doxylamine include dizziness, drowsiness, and dry mouth, among others. [4] Doxylamine is a potent anticholinergic and has a side-effect profile common to such drugs, including blurred vision , dry mouth, constipation , muscle incoordination , urinary retention , mental confusion , and delirium .
Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects (decreasing saliva production), and most produce some level of sedation, both being advantageous in surgical procedures. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Until the beginning of the 20th century, anticholinergic drugs were widely used to treat psychiatric disorders.
[3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects. [6] [3] In contrast to other TCAs, opipramol has very low affinity for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and virtually no anticholinergic effects. [23] [25] Sigma receptors are a set of proteins located in the endoplasmic reticulum.