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Haiti (also earlier Hayti) [d] comes from the indigenous Taíno language and means "land of high mountains"; [38] it was the native name [e] for the entire island of Hispaniola. The name was restored by Haitian revolutionary Jean-Jacques Dessalines as the official name of independent Saint-Domingue, as a tribute to the Amerindian predecessors. [42]
Haiti was the first country of the Americas to win its freedom from European colonization in 1804. The country's highest point is Pic la Selle , at 2,680 metres (8,793 ft). The total area of Haiti is 27,750 square kilometres (10,714 sq mi) and its capital is Port-au-Prince .
By 1840, Haiti had ceased to export sugar entirely, although large amounts continued to be grown for local consumption as taffia-a raw rum. However, Haiti continued to export coffee, which required little cultivation and grew semi-wild. The 1842 Cap-Haïtien earthquake destroyed the city, and the Sans-Souci Palace, killing 10,000 people.
The action of 1 January 1800 was a naval battle of the Quasi-War that took place off the coast of present-day Haiti, near the island of Gonâve in the Bight of Léogâne.The battle was fought between an American convoy of four merchant vessels escorted by the United States naval schooner USS Experiment, and a squadron of fourteen armed barges manned by Haitian sailors.
Haiti is the third largest country in the Caribbean, and with an estimated population of 11.4 million, is the most populous Caribbean country.0 The capital and largest city is Port-au-Prince. As of 2024, Haiti has faced severe economic and political crises , gang activity, and the collapse of its government.
The name Haiti (or Hayti) comes from the indigenous Taíno language and was the native name [3] [4] given to the entire island of Hispaniola to mean "land of high mountains." [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Christopher Columbus arrived on the island on December 5, 1492 and claimed it for the Spanish Empire , after which it became known as Hispaniola.
A squadron of French ships arrives in Haiti to deliver the news of Charles X's ordinance of 17 April to President Boyer 1831: 22 September: The city of Pétion-Ville, a suburb of Port-au-Prince named for Alexandre Pétion, is founded by Boyer 1838: Haiti's remaining debt to France, 120 million francs, is reduced to 60 million francs 1842: 7 May
The government of Haiti is a semi-presidential republic, a multi-party system wherein the President of Haiti is head of state elected directly by popular elections. [1] The Prime Minister acts as head of government and is appointed by the President, chosen from the majority party in the National Assembly.