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In medicine, photopheresis (aka extracorporeal photopheresis or ECP) [1] is a form of apheresis and photodynamic therapy in which blood is subject to apheresis to separate buffy coat (WBC + platelets) from whole blood, chemically treated with 8-methoxypsoralen (instilled into a collection bag or given per os in advance), exposed to ultraviolet light (UVA), and then returned to the patient. [2]
Alternative diagnoses. v. t. e. Blood irradiation therapy is an alternative medical procedure in which the blood is exposed to low-level light (often laser light) for therapeutic reasons. [1] The practice was originally developed in the United States, [1] but most recent research on it has been conducted in Germany (by UV lamps) and in Russia ...
The near-infrared (NIR) window (also known as optical window or therapeutic window) defines the range of wavelengths from 650 to 1350 nanometre (nm) where light has its maximum depth of penetration in tissue. [1] Within the NIR window, scattering is the most dominant light-tissue interaction, and therefore the propagating light becomes diffused ...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving light and a photosensitizing chemical substance used in conjunction with molecular oxygen to elicit cell death (phototoxicity). [1] PDT is used in treating acne, wet age-related macular degeneration, psoriasis, and herpes. It is used to treat malignant cancers, [2] including head ...
Photochemistry. Photochemical immersion well reactor (50 mL) with a mercury-vapor lamp. Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 nm), visible (400–750 nm), or infrared ...
Radiation chemistry is a subdivision of nuclear chemistry which studies the chemical effects of ionizing radiation on matter. This is quite different from radiochemistry, as no radioactivity needs to be present in the material which is being chemically changed by the radiation. An example is the conversion of water into hydrogen gas and ...
Due to the generation of positive holes (h +) and excited electrons (e-), oxidation-reduction reactions take place at the surface of semiconductors irradiated with light. In one mechanism of the oxidative reaction, holes react with the moisture present on the surface and produce a hydroxyl radical.
Pathogen reduction using riboflavin and UV light is a method by which infectious pathogens in blood for transfusion are inactivated by adding riboflavin and irradiating with UV light. [1][2][3] This method reduces the infectious levels of disease-causing agents that may be found in donated blood components, while still maintaining good quality ...