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A liver injury, also known as liver laceration, is some form of trauma sustained to the liver. This can occur through either a blunt force such as a car accident, or a penetrating foreign object such as a knife. [1] Liver injuries constitute 5% of all traumas, making it the most common abdominal injury. [2]
The liver, the most vulnerable abdominal organ to all forms of injury because of its size and location (in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen), is injured in about five percent of all people admitted to a hospital for trauma. [12] Liver injuries present a serious risk for shock because the liver tissue is delicate and has a large blood ...
Ischemic hepatitis, also known as shock liver, is a condition defined as an acute liver injury caused by insufficient blood flow (and consequently insufficient oxygen delivery) to the liver. [5] The decreased blood flow ( perfusion ) to the liver is usually due to shock or low blood pressure.
Liver injury is the most common type of organ damage in cases of abdominal trauma. [35] The liver's size and location in the body makes injury relatively common compared to other abdominal organs, and blunt trauma injury to the liver is typically treated with nonoperative management. [36]
The body responds to traumatic injury both systemically and at the injury site. [16] This response attempts to protect vital organs such as the liver, to allow further cell duplication and to heal the damage. [17] The healing time of an injury depends on various factors including sex, age, and the severity of injury. [18]
Injury and abdominal trauma can cause damage to the biliary tree. The biliary tree is a system of vessels that direct secreations from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas through a series of ducts into the duodenum. This can result in a bile leak which is a common cause of the formation of biloma.
In this procedure the liver is packed to stop non arterial bleeding, most often caused by liver injury. [1] During this surgery laparotomy pads are placed around the bleeding liver. [2] The main purpose of hepatic packing is to prevent the bleeding so trauma triad of death can be avoided. [3]
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents.
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