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Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) [1] [2] or anemia of chronic inflammation [3] is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy. These conditions all produce elevation of interleukin-6 , which stimulates hepcidin production and release from the liver.
Treatment will depend on the cause of the normocytic anemia. Treatment for anemia due to chronic diseases, such as kidney disease, focus on healing the primary condition first. Dietary foods or supplements should be added if anemia is due to a lack of a particular vitamin. Erythropoietin may be considered if anemia is severe. Erythropoietin ...
Anemia (also spelled anaemia in British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen.This can be due to a lower than normal number of red blood cells, a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin available for oxygen transport, or abnormalities in hemoglobin that impair its function.
This is common in immunocompromised, elderly, and diabetic people. High blood loss can also come from the increased loss of blood during menstruation, childbirth, cancers of the intestines, and disorders that hinder the blood's ability to coagulate. [citation needed] Medications can have adverse effects and cause nutritional anemia as well.
Nearly half of all anemia cases are due to iron deficiency as it is the most common nutritional disorder. [4] Although it is a common nutritional disorder, most causes of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) are due to blood loss. [4] It occurs most commonly among children and females who are menstruating but can happen to any individual of any age. [3]
The lesions may cause chronic blood loss resulting in iron deficiency anemia; less often they cause acute bleeding. Treatment of anemia with Cameron lesions includes iron supplements and acid suppression by a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI). Surgical hernia repair is sometimes needed.
Acute posthemorrhagic anemia (also known as acute blood loss anemia) is a condition in which a person quickly loses a large volume of circulating hemoglobin. Acute blood loss is usually associated with an incident of trauma or a severe injury resulting in a large loss of blood. It can also occur during or after a surgical procedure. [19]
The mean corpuscular volume is a part of a standard complete blood count. In patients with anemia, it is the MCV measurement that allows classification as either a microcytic anemia (MCV below normal range), normocytic anemia (MCV within normal range) or macrocytic anemia (MCV above normal range). Normocytic anemia is usually deemed so because ...