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The Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem says that, for algebraic irrational numbers, the exponent of 2 in the corollary to Dirichlet’s approximation theorem is the best we can do: such numbers cannot be approximated by any exponent greater than 2.
Although the proof of Dirichlet's Theorem makes use of calculus and analytic number theory, some proofs of examples are much more straightforward. In particular, the proof of the example of infinitely many primes of the form 4 n + 3 {\displaystyle 4n+3} makes an argument similar to the one made in the proof of Euclid's theorem (Silverman 2013).
It is often said to have begun with Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's 1837 introduction of Dirichlet L-functions to give the first proof of Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is well known for its results on prime numbers (involving the Prime Number Theorem and Riemann zeta function ) and additive number theory (such ...
Based on his research of the structure of the unit group of quadratic fields, he proved the Dirichlet unit theorem, a fundamental result in algebraic number theory. [15] He first used the pigeonhole principle, a basic counting argument, in the proof of a theorem in diophantine approximation, later named after him Dirichlet's approximation theorem.
Dirichlet's theorem may refer to any of several mathematical theorems due to Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet. Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions; Dirichlet's approximation theorem; Dirichlet's unit theorem; Dirichlet conditions; Dirichlet boundary condition; Dirichlet's principle; Pigeonhole principle, sometimes also called Dirichlet ...
He first used the pigeonhole principle, a basic counting argument, in the proof of a theorem in diophantine approximation, later named after him Dirichlet's approximation theorem. He published important contributions to Fermat's last theorem, for which he proved the cases n = 5 and n = 14, and to the biquadratic reciprocity law. [5]
In number theory, Selberg's identity is an approximate identity involving logarithms of primes named after Atle Selberg. The identity, discovered jointly by Selberg and Paul Erdős , was used in the first elementary proof for the prime number theorem .
Dirichlet's approximation theorem (Diophantine approximations) Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions ... Identity theorem for Riemann surfaces ...