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French language map of Ruanda-Urundi, c. 1929–1938 Both Rwanda and Burundi were assigned to the German Empire in the Berlin Conference of 1884–85. [9] Germany did not rule over the kingdoms themselves, but instead chose to rule indirectly through their monarchies, [6] making them the westernmost part of the German East Africa colony.
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Ruanda-Urundi (French pronunciation: [ʁwɑ̃da uʁundi]), [a] later Rwanda-Burundi, was a geopolitical entity, once part of German East Africa, that was occupied by troops from the Belgian Congo during the East African campaign in World War I and was administered by Belgium under military occupation from 1916 to 1922.
The colony gained independence in 1962, and split once again into Rwanda and Burundi. It is one of the few countries in Africa (along with Rwanda, Botswana, Lesotho, and Eswatini) to be a direct territorial continuation of a pre-colonial era African state.
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Burundi came under the control of Germany. [1] 1922: 20 July: Burundi and Rwanda were joined into the League of Nations mandate of Ruanda-Urundi, governed by Belgium. [1] 1962: 1 July: Burundi received independence from Belgium. [1] 1965: 15 January: Prime Minister Pierre Ngendandumwe was assassinated by a Rwandan Tutsi. 1966: 28 November
Ruanda-Urundi formed part of German East Africa until it was captured by Belgian forces during World War I. After that, the territory became a Class B League of Nations mandate , and later a United Nations trust territory , under the administration of Belgium, until 1962 when the constituent parts of the territory became independent.
Map of Burundi. Map of Usumbura (1942). This article lists the colonial residents of Burundi , during the time when modern-day Burundi was part of German East Africa and Ruanda-Urundi .