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Peter Toon, in his commentary, wrote "His identity is not known, but he was probably a respected and influential member of the church whose word would be heeded". [ 12 ] : 27 William Barclay, after discussing various possible identities, states "Maybe the best suggestion is that the reference is to Epaphroditus , the bearer of the letter."
The majority of scholars see four sections in the Gospel of John: a prologue (1:1–18); an account of the ministry, often called the "Book of Signs" (1:19–12:50); the account of Jesus's final night with his disciples and the passion and resurrection, sometimes called the Book of Glory [33] or Book of Exaltation (13:1–20:31); [34] and a ...
In Christian scholarship, the Book of Signs is a name commonly given to the first main section of the Gospel of John, from 1:19 to the end of Chapter 12. It follows the Hymn to the Word and precedes the Book of Glory. It is named for seven notable events, often called "signs" or "miracles", that it records. [1]
For much of the 20th century, scholars interpreted the Gospel of John within the paradigm of this hypothetical Johannine community, [5] meaning that the gospel sprang from a late-1st-century Christian community excommunicated from the Jewish synagogue (probably meaning the Jewish community) [6] on account of its belief in Jesus as the promised Jewish messiah. [7]
In Ahvaz, Iran, there is a copy of the Book of John with Mandaic text inscribed on lead plates (see also Mandaic lead rolls). Originally belonging to Abdullah Khaffagi, it was seen by Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley in 1973. [9] In 2004, Salah Choheili finished a copy of the Book of John. The colophon has been translated into English by Gelbert (2017).
The gospel identifies its author as the disciple whom Jesus loved, commonly identified with John the Evangelist since the end of the first century. [ 4 ] Scholars have debated the authorship of Johannine literature (the Gospel of John, Epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation) since at least the third century, but especially since the ...
The books also add a layer of commentary by modern-day rabbis. These books are published by the Union for Reform Judaism. Commentaries in this series now include Jonah, Lamentations, Ruth, the Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, and Proverbs. [citation needed] The Jewish Study Bible, from Oxford University Press, edited by Adele Berlin and Marc Zvi ...
The Apocryphon of John, also called the Secret Book of John or the Secret Revelation of John, is a 2nd-century Sethian Gnostic Christian pseudepigraphical text attributed to John the Apostle. It is one of the texts addressed by Irenaeus in his Christian polemic Against Heresies , placing its composition before 180 AD.