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The city became a capital of the Azerbaijan SSR and underwent many major changes. As a result, Baku played a great role in many branches of the Soviet life. Since about 1921, the city was headed by the Baku City Executive Committee, commonly known in Russian as Bakgorispolkom.
The population increased again from about 13,000 in the 1860s to 112,000 in 1897 and 215,000 in 1913, making Baku the largest city in the Caucasus region. [75] Baku has been a cosmopolitan city at certain times during its history, meaning ethnic Azerbaijanis did not constitute the majority of population. [76]
The city had two gates: the Salyan Gates and the Shemakha Gates. The city was protected by dozens of cannons set on the walls. The port was re-opened for trade, and in 1809 a customs office was established. [8] It was during this period that Baku started to extend beyond the city walls, and new neighbourhoods emerged.
Baku Fortress Wall view from Philharmonic Garden. Baku Fortress (Azerbaijani: Bakı Qalası) is a medieval building in Baku, Azerbaijan, the largest of Absheron fortresses. . The fortress consists of the Icheri Sheher and the walls and towers surrounding it, and it was included by UNESCO into the World Cultural Heritage List in 2
1940 – Baku Museum of Education founded. [17] 1941 – Kishlinsky district created. [citation needed] 1945 – Azerbaijan State Institute for the Arts active. [19] 1949 – Sumqayit developed near city. [21] 1951 – Stalin Stadium opens. 1952 – Government House built. 1965 – Population: 737,000 city; 1,137,000 urban agglomeration. [22] 1967
The world's first oil well was drilled at Baku in 1847/1848, and was soon followed by many more. [2] The first oil refining plants were built in 1859 in the city suburbs. [1] By the 1860s the Baku fields accounted for 90% of the world's oil supply. [2] Industrial buildings came to occupy large sections of the city.
The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Milli Azərbaycan Tarixi Muzeyi) is the largest museum in Azerbaijan. It is located in Baku , in the former residential house of Azerbaijani oil magnate and philanthropist Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev .
Baku’s new business districts today has shifted around the Baku city center, with many high-tech buildings and postmodern architecture. Aside from buildings used for business and institutions, various new residential developments are currently underway, many of which consist of high-rise buildings with a glass exterior, surrounded by American ...