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A monotonically non-increasing function Figure 3. A function that is not monotonic. In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order. [1] [2] [3] This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory.
In the case of a completely monotonic function, the function and its derivatives must be alternately non-negative and non-positive in its domain of definition which would imply that function and its derivatives are alternately monotonically increasing and monotonically decreasing functions.
In more advanced mathematics the monotone convergence theorem usually refers to a fundamental result in measure theory due to Lebesgue and Beppo Levi that says that for sequences of non-negative pointwise-increasing measurable functions (), taking the integral and the supremum can be interchanged with the result being finite if either one is ...
If is a compact topological space, and () is a monotonically increasing sequence (meaning () + for all and ) of continuous real-valued functions on which converges pointwise to a continuous function :, then the convergence is uniform.
Sigmoid functions have domain of all real numbers, with return (response) value commonly monotonically increasing but could be decreasing. Sigmoid functions most often show a return value (y axis) in the range 0 to 1. Another commonly used range is from −1 to 1.
For a monotone function , let mean that is monotonically non-decreasing and let mean that is monotonically non-increasing. Let f : [ a , b ] → R {\displaystyle f:[a,b]\to \mathbb {R} } is a monotone function and let D {\displaystyle D} denote the set of all points d ∈ [ a , b ] {\displaystyle d\in [a,b]} in the domain of f {\displaystyle f ...
Every function that is convex and symmetric (under permutations of the arguments) is also Schur-convex. Every Schur-convex function is symmetric, but not necessarily convex. [1] If is (strictly) Schur-convex and is (strictly) monotonically increasing, then is (strictly) Schur-convex.
The function g k is zero everywhere, except on a finite set of points. Hence its Riemann integral is zero. Each g k is non-negative, and this sequence of functions is monotonically increasing, but its limit as k → ∞ is 1 Q, which is not Riemann integrable.