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The values are organized in a format that makes them readable by a thermodynamic calculation program or for use in a spreadsheet. For example, the Excel-based thermodynamic database FREED creates the following type of datafile, here for a standard pressure of 1 atm. Thermodynamic datafile for MgCl 2 (c,l,g) from FREED. Some values have ...
For example, if the gas expands slowly against the piston, the work done by the gas to raise the piston is the force F times the distance d. But the force is just the pressure P of the gas times the area A of the piston, F = PA. [4] Thus W = Fd; W = PAd; W = P(V 2 − V 1) figure 3
Example of a Sankey diagram Sankey's original 1898 diagram showing energy efficiency of a steam engine. Sankey diagrams are a data visualisation technique or flow diagram that emphasizes flow/movement/change from one state to another or one time to another, [1] in which the width of the arrows is proportional to the flow rate of the depicted extensive property.
In practice, since temperature usually drops with altitude, the graphs are usually mostly vertical (see examples linked to below). The major use for skew-T log-P diagrams is the plotting of radiosonde soundings , which give a vertical profile of the temperature and dew point temperature throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere .
Examples of such thermodynamic properties include specific volume, specific enthalpy, or specific entropy. For example, single-component graphs of temperature vs. specific entropy ( T vs. s ) for water/ steam or for a refrigerant are commonly used to illustrate thermodynamic cycles such as a Carnot cycle , Rankine cycle , or vapor-compression ...
A PV diagram plots the change in pressure P with respect to volume V for some process or processes. Typically in thermodynamics, the set of processes forms a cycle, so that upon completion of the cycle there has been no net change in state of the system; i.e. the device returns to the starting pressure and volume.