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A 1906 proposal to change to electrion failed because Hendrik Lorentz preferred to keep electron. [25] [26] The word electron is a combination of the words electric and ion. [27] The suffix -on which is now used to designate other subatomic particles, such as a proton or neutron, is in turn derived from electron. [28] [29]
The same word was also used for the substance amber, likely because of the pale yellow color of certain varieties. [1] (It is from amber’s electrostatic properties that the modern English words electron and electricity are derived.) Electrum was often referred to as "white gold" in ancient times but could be more accurately described as pale ...
Today, most electronic devices use semiconductor components to perform electron control. The underlying principles that explain how semiconductors work are studied in solid state physics , [ 60 ] whereas the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems are part of electronics engineering .
Today, many popular applications run on top of Electron, such as VS Code, Slack, Skype, Discord, and more. ... Many typical Electron applications would use the main process to create one renderer ...
Simple electron capture by itself results in a neutral atom, since the loss of the electron in the electron shell is balanced by a loss of positive nuclear charge. However, a positive atomic ion may result from further Auger electron emission. Electron capture is an example of weak interaction, one of the four fundamental forces.
Electron beam processing is commonly used for sterilization. Electron beams are an on-off technology that provide a much higher dose rate than gamma or X-rays emitted by radioisotopes like cobalt-60 (60 Co) or caesium-137 (137 Cs). Due to the higher dose rate, less exposure time is required and polymer degradation is reduced.
Externally heated electrodes are often used to generate an electron cloud as in the filament or indirectly heated cathode of vacuum tubes. Cold electrodes can also spontaneously produce electron clouds via thermionic emission when small incandescent regions (called cathode spots or anode spots) are formed. These are incandescent regions of the ...
So is the closely related phenomenon of superconductivity, the frictionless flow of an electron gas in a conducting material (an electric current) at sufficiently low temperatures. The fractional quantum Hall effect is a topological ordered state which corresponds to patterns of long-range quantum entanglement. [7]