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Group A streptococcal infections are a number of infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus (GAS). [1] S. pyogenes is a species of beta-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria that is responsible for a wide range of infections that are mostly common and fairly mild. If the bacteria enters the bloodstream, the infection can become ...
However, both Streptococcus dysgalactiae and the Streptococcus anginosus group can possess group A antigen as well. Group A streptococci, when grown on blood agar, typically produce small (2–3 mm) zones of beta-hemolysis, a complete destruction of red blood cells. The name group A (beta-hemolytic) Streptococcus is thus also used. [1]
Streptococcus pneumoniae and a group of oral streptococci (Streptococcus viridans or viridans streptococci) display alpha-hemolysis. Alpha-hemolysis is also termed incomplete hemolysis or partial hemolysis because the cell membranes of the red blood cells are left intact.
Similarly, group B streptococcus typically denotes Streptococcus agalactiae, although minor beta-hemolytic group B streptococci like S. troglodytidis exist. [15] While most streptococcal illnesses in humans originate from species adapted to humans, such as S. pneumoniae or S. pyogenes, there are zoonotic species capable of causing infections. [15]
Bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, formerly known as group D streptococci, were classified as members of the genus Streptococcus until 1984 and are included in the original Lancefield grouping. [4] Many—but not all—species of streptococcus are beta-hemolytic .
What it looks like: Scarlatina, a.k.a. scarlet fever, occurs from the Group A streptococcus bacteria of a strep throat infection, per the CDC. The bacteria releases a toxin that causes a bright ...
usually Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus: Cellulitis: history and physical examination Penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillin or a first-generation cephalosporin: No Trypanosoma cruzi: Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Group A Streptococcal disease: Group A Streptococcal disease: Pneumococcal disease: Pneumococcal disease, invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae, invasive disease Streptococcus suis infection Syphilis, including congenital and non-congenital Syphilis: Syphilis: Tetanus: Tetanus: Tetanus: Tetanus: Tetanus: Tetanus: Toxic shock syndrome (Streptococcal ...