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Referred to as asymmetric depletion, a negative non-linear effect is present when the ee product is lower than predicted by an ideal linear situation. [3] In contrast to a (+)-NLE, a (−)-NLE results in a faster overall reaction rate and a decrease in enantioselectivity.
Example distribution with positive skewness. These data are from experiments on wheat grass growth. In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive, zero, negative, or undefined.
In probability theory and statistics, skewness refers to a distortion or asymmetry that deviates from a normal distribution. Waves that are asymmetric along the horizontal axis are called skewed waves. Asymmetry along the horizontal axis indicates that the wave crest deviates from the wave trough in terms of duration and height.
In case of a single rate-limited thermally activated process, an Arrhenius plot gives a straight line, from which the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor can both be determined. However, advances in experimental and theoretical methods have revealed the existence of deviation from Arrhenius behavior (Fig.1).
In general statistics and probability, "divergence" generally refers to any kind of function (,), where , are probability distributions or other objects under consideration, such that conditions 1, 2 are satisfied. Condition 3 is required for "divergence" as used in information geometry.
In chemistry, primarily organic and computational chemistry, a stereoelectronic effect [1] is an effect on molecular geometry, reactivity, or physical properties due to spatial relationships in the molecules' electronic structure, in particular the interaction between atomic and/or molecular orbitals. [2]
Provided the data are strictly positive, a better measure of relative accuracy can be obtained based on the log of the accuracy ratio: log(F t / A t) This measure is easier to analyze statistically and has valuable symmetry and unbiasedness properties
A depletion force is an effective attractive force that arises between large colloidal particles that are suspended in a dilute solution of depletants, which are smaller solutes that are preferentially excluded from the vicinity of the large particles.