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"Hypertensive" refers to high blood pressure and "nephropathy" means damage to the kidney; hence this condition is where chronic high blood pressure causes damages to kidney tissue; this includes the small blood vessels, glomeruli, kidney tubules and interstitial tissues. The tissue hardens and thickens which is known as nephrosclerosis. [2]
The high blood pressure eventually leads to heart failure, strokes, heart attacks, blindness, kidney failure, loss of libido and poor circulation of blood in the legs. When the blood supply to the feet is compromised, the chances of infections and amputations also increases.
Causes of chronic kidney failure include diabetes, high blood pressure, nephrotic syndrome, and polycystic kidney disease. [6] Diagnosis of acute failure is often based on a combination of factors such as decreased urine production or increased serum creatinine . [ 3 ]
The cause of chronic kidney disease is sometimes unknown; it is referred to as chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu). As of 2020 [update] a rapidly progressive chronic kidney disease, unexplained by diabetes and hypertension, had increased dramatically in prevalence over a few decades in several regions in Central America and ...
End organ damage is severe impairment of major body organs due to systemic disease. Commonly this is referred to in diabetes, high blood pressure, or states of low blood pressure or low blood volume. [1] This can present as a heart attack or heart failure, pulmonary edema, neurologic deficits including a stroke, or acute kidney failure. [2]
Kidney disease is the most common secondary cause of hypertension. [25] Hypertension can also be caused by endocrine conditions, such as Cushing's syndrome , hyperthyroidism , hypothyroidism , acromegaly , Conn's syndrome or hyperaldosteronism , renal artery stenosis (from atherosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia ), hyperparathyroidism , and ...
She cautioned that those taking certain medications and “people with kidney disease or reduced kidney function should be careful with potassium intake and should not use potassium-enriched salt ...
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the narrowing of one or both of the renal arteries, most often caused by atherosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia.This narrowing of the renal artery can impede blood flow to the target kidney, resulting in renovascular hypertension – a secondary type of high blood pressure.