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Mixing of liquids occurs frequently in process engineering. The nature of liquids to blend determines the equipment used. Single-phase blending tends to involve low-shear, high-flow mixers to cause liquid engulfment, while multi-phase mixing generally requires the use of high-shear, low-flow mixers to create droplets of one liquid in laminar, turbulent or transitional flow regimes, depending ...
In chemistry and biology, the dilution ratio and dilution factor are two related (but slightly different) expressions of the change in concentration of a liquid substance when mixing it with another liquid substance.
Although, thorough mixing of gases and vapors may not be as easily accomplished. [citation needed] For example, if there are 10 grams of salt (the solute) dissolved in 1 litre of water (the solvent), this solution has a certain salt concentration . If one adds 1 litre of water to this solution, the salt concentration is reduced.
Two binary solutions of different compositions or even two pure components can be mixed with various mixing ratios by masses, moles, or volumes. The mass fraction of the resulting solution from mixing solutions with masses m 1 and m 2 and mass fractions w 1 and w 2 is given by:
Gas blending is the process of mixing gases for a specific purpose where the composition of the resulting mixture is defined, and therefore, controlled. A wide range of applications include scientific and industrial processes, food production and storage and breathing gases.
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. [1]
A fluorous technology was described by Curran [16] The fluorous synthesis employs functionalized perfluoroalkyl (Rf) groups like 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-Tridecafluorononyl {CF 3 (CF 2) 4 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2-} group attached to substrates or reagents. The Rf groups make it possible to remove either the product or the reagents from the reaction mixture.
The enthalpy of mixing is zero [2] as is the volume change on mixing by definition; the closer to zero the enthalpy of mixing is, the more "ideal" the behavior of the solution becomes. The vapor pressures of the solvent and solute obey Raoult's law and Henry's law , respectively, [ 3 ] and the activity coefficient (which measures deviation from ...