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The power and utility of ClickHouse offered a true column-oriented DBMS, it allowed for systems to generate reports from petabytes of raw data with sub-second latencies. ClickHouse was widely adopted at Yandex including for Yandex.Tank load testing tool and Yandex.Market to monitor site accessibility and KPIs.
A database shard, or simply a shard, is a horizontal partition of data in a database or search engine. Each shard may be held on a separate database server instance, to spread load. Some data in a database remains present in all shards, [a] but some appears only in a single shard. Each shard acts as the single source for this subset of data. [1]
Apache PDFBox is an open source pure-Java library that can be used to create, render, print, split, merge, alter, verify and extract text and meta-data of PDF files.. Open Hub reports over 11,000 commits (since the start as an Apache project) by 18 contributors representing more than 140,000 lines of code.
OLAP tools enable users to analyse multidimensional data interactively from multiple perspectives. OLAP consists of three basic analytical operations: consolidation (roll-up), drill-down, and slicing and dicing. [6]: 402–403 Consolidation involves the aggregation of data that can be accumulated and computed in one or more dimensions. For ...
In-memory data structures: One can use hash tables and two-dimensional arrays in memory in conjunction with attribute-grouping metadata to pivot data, one group at a time. This data is written to disk as a flat delimited file, with the internal names for each attribute in the first row: this format can be readily bulk-imported into a relational ...
Data orientation is the representation of tabular data in a linear memory model such as in-disk or in-memory. The two most common representations are column-oriented (columnar format) and row-oriented (row format). [1] [2] The choice of data orientation is a trade-off and an architectural decision in databases, query engines, and numerical ...
The CSV file format is one type of delimiter-separated file format. [4] Delimiters frequently used include the comma, tab, space, and semicolon. Delimiter-separated files are often given a ".csv" extension even when the field separator is not a comma. Many applications or libraries that consume or produce CSV files have options to specify an ...
Data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered, and simplified form. . The purpose of data reduction can be two-fold: reduce the number of data records by eliminating invalid data or produce summary data and statistics at different aggregation levels for various applications