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  2. Explicit Congestion Notification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_Congestion...

    ECN allows end-to-end notification of network congestion without dropping packets. ECN is an optional feature that may be used between two ECN-enabled endpoints when the underlying network infrastructure also supports it. Conventionally, TCP/IP networks signal congestion by dropping packets.

  3. IP address blocking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address_blocking

    Unix-like operating systems commonly implement IP address blocking using a TCP wrapper, configured by host access control files /etc/hosts.deny and /etc/hosts.allow.. Both companies and schools offering remote user access use Linux programs such as DenyHosts or Fail2ban for protection from unauthorized access while allowing permitted remote access.

  4. List of IP protocol numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_IP_protocol_numbers

    IP-in-IP IP in IP (encapsulation) RFC 2003: 0x05 5 ST Internet Stream Protocol: RFC 1190, RFC 1819: 0x06 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol: RFC 793: 0x07 7 CBT Core-based trees: RFC 2189: 0x08 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol: RFC 888: 0x09 9 IGP Interior gateway protocol (any private interior gateway, for example Cisco's IGRP) 0x0A 10 BBN-RCC-MON

  5. Internet traffic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_traffic

    The Cisco data can be seven times higher than the Minnesota Internet Traffic Studies (MINTS) data not only because the Cisco figures are estimates for the global—not just the domestic US—Internet, but also because Cisco counts "general IP traffic (thus including closed networks that are not truly part of the Internet, but use IP, the ...

  6. Egress filtering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egress_filtering

    Corporate networks also typically have a limited number of internal address blocks in use. An edge device at the boundary between the internal corporate network and external networks (such as the Internet) is used to perform egress checks against packets leaving the internal network, verifying that the source IP address in all outbound packets ...

  7. Head-of-line blocking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-of-line_blocking

    Head-of-line blocking (HOL blocking) in computer networking is a performance-limiting phenomenon that occurs when a queue of packets is held up by the first packet in the queue. This occurs, for example, in input-buffered network switches , out-of-order delivery and multiple requests in HTTP pipelining .

  8. Traffic classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_classification

    Packets are classified to be differently processed by the network scheduler.Upon classifying a traffic flow using a particular protocol, a predetermined policy can be applied to it and other flows to either guarantee a certain quality (as with VoIP or media streaming service [2]) or to provide best-effort delivery.

  9. Virtual output queueing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_output_queueing

    Other packets in the same physical buffer destined to different (non-congested) output ports are in separate virtual queues and can therefore still be processed. In a traditional setup, the blocked packet for the congested egress port would have blocked the whole physical buffer, resulting in head-of-line blocking.