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Sometimes the approaches suggest opposite solutions. For example, if a building catches fire, fail-safe systems would unlock doors to ensure quick escape and allow firefighters inside, while fail-secure would lock doors to prevent unauthorized access to the building. The opposite of fail-closed is called fail-open.
The Protection of Information in Computer Systems is a 1975 seminal publication by Jerome Saltzer and Michael Schroeder about information security. [1] [2] The paper emphasized that the primary concern of security measures should be the information on computers and not the computers itself.
An example of a physical security measure: a metal lock on the back of a personal computer to prevent hardware tampering. Computer security (also cybersecurity, digital security, or information technology (IT) security) is the protection of computer software, systems and networks from threats that can lead to unauthorized information disclosure, theft or damage to hardware, software, or data ...
Star or mesh networks, which can continue to operate when a node or connection has failed (though for a star network, failure of the central hub will still cause the network to fail). Ductile materials, such as "under- reinforced concrete ", when overloaded, fail gradually – they yield and stretch, giving some warning before ultimate failure.
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The security controls give no-nonsense, actionable recommendations for cyber security, written in language that’s easily understood by IT personnel. [4] Goals of the Consensus Audit Guidelines include Leveraging cyber offense to inform cyber defense, focusing on high payoff areas
In computing, the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is an authentication protocol originally used by Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to validate users. CHAP is also carried in other authentication protocols such as RADIUS and Diameter.
In recent years, more advanced versions of "security through obscurity" have gained support as a methodology in cybersecurity through Moving Target Defense and cyber deception. [15] NIST's cyber resiliency framework, 800-160 Volume 2, recommends the usage of security through obscurity as a complementary part of a resilient and secure computing ...