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3D rendering of centrioles showing the triplets. In cell biology a centriole is a cylindrical organelle composed mainly of a protein called tubulin. [1] Centrioles are found in most eukaryotic cells, but are not present in conifers (), flowering plants (angiosperms) and most fungi, and are only present in the male gametes of charophytes, bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, cycads, and Ginkgo.
The mother centriole just aids in the accumulation of materials required for the assembly of the daughter centriole. [17] Centrosome (shown by arrow) next to nucleus. Centrioles, however, are not required for the progression of mitosis. When the centrioles are irradiated by a laser, mitosis proceeds normally with a morphologically normal spindle.
Pericentriolar material (PCM, sometimes also called pericent matrix) is a highly structured, [1] dense mass of protein which makes up the part of the animal centrosome that surrounds the two centrioles. The PCM contains proteins responsible for microtubule nucleation and anchoring [2] including γ-tubulin, pericentrin and ninein.
However, the two centrioles are of different ages. This is because one centriole originates from the mother cell while the other is replicated from the mother centriole during the cell cycle. It is possible to distinguish between the two preexisting centrioles because the mother and daughter centriole differ in both shape and function. [5]
5116 18541 Ensembl ENSG00000160299 ENSMUSG00000001151 UniProt O95613 P48725 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006031 NM_001315529 NM_001282992 NM_008787 RefSeq (protein) NP_001302458 NP_006022 NP_001269921 NP_032813 Location (UCSC) Chr 21: 46.32 – 46.45 Mb Chr 10: 76.19 – 76.28 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Pericentrin (kendrin), also known as PCNT and pericentrin-B (PCNTB), is ...
The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) is a structure found in eukaryotic cells from which microtubules emerge. MTOCs have two main functions: the organization of eukaryotic flagella and cilia and the organization of the mitotic and meiotic spindle apparatus, which separate the chromosomes during cell division.
The atypical distal centriole forms a dynamic basal complex (DBC) together with other structures in the sperm neck (the proximal centriole and surrounding atypical pericentriolar matrix). The dynamic basal complex facilitates a cascade of internal sliding, coupling tail beating with head kinking.
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function.The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive.