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A bagel (Yiddish: בײגל, romanized: beygl; Polish: bajgiel [ˈbajɡʲɛl] ⓘ; also spelled beigel) [1] is a bread roll originating in the Jewish communities of Poland. [2] Bagels are traditionally made from yeasted wheat dough that is shaped by hand into a torus or ring, briefly boiled in water, and then baked. The result is a dense, chewy ...
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. [1] A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. [2]
The operating principle of the refrigeration cycle was described mathematically by Sadi Carnot in 1824 as a heat engine. The most common types of refrigeration systems use the reverse-Rankine vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, although absorption heat pumps are used in a minority of applications. Cyclic refrigeration can be classified as:
Thermodynamic cycles may be used to model real devices and systems, typically by making a series of assumptions to reduce the problem to a more manageable form. [2] For example, as shown in the figure, devices such a gas turbine or jet engine can be modeled as a Brayton cycle. The actual device is made up of a series of stages, each of which is ...
Companies like Junior's Cheesecake and bagel shops are reporting cream cheese shortages as supply chain issues persist and consumption rises. Cream cheese shortage: Supply chain problem has ...
The choice of working fluids is known to have a significant impact on the thermodynamic as well as economic performance of the cycle. A suitable fluid must exhibit favorable physical, chemical, environmental, safety and economic properties such as low specific volume (high density), viscosity, toxicity, flammability, ozone depletion potential (ODP), global warming potential (GWP) and cost, as ...
1864 – Charles Tellier patented a refrigeration system using dimethyl ether; 1867 – Thaddeus S. C. Lowe patented a refrigeration system using carbon dioxide, and in 1869 made ice making machine using dry carbon dioxide. The same year Lowe bought a steamship and put a compressor based refrigeration device on it for transport of frozen meat.
Bialys are a breakfast bread winner. This personal portion-sized bread is a flat, round roll that’s perfectly chewy on the inside and crusty on the outside. Sometimes referred to as a “Jewish ...