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Gregorian chant is the central tradition of Western plainchant, a form of monophonic, unaccompanied sacred song in Latin (and occasionally Greek) of the Roman Catholic Church. Gregorian chant developed mainly in western and central Europe during the 9th and 10th centuries, with later additions and redactions.
A plagal mode (from Greek πλάγιος 'oblique, sideways, athwart') [7] [8] has a range that includes the octave from the fourth below the final to the fifth above. The plagal modes are the even-numbered modes 2, 4, 6 and 8, and each takes its name from the corresponding odd-numbered authentic mode with the addition of the prefix "hypo-": Hypodorian, Hypophrygian, Hypolydian, and ...
The main player in the history of Gregorian chant semiology in the 19th century is the Benedictine community of the Abbey of St Peter in Solesmes, which was established in 1833 by Fr Prosper Guéranger, who wished to create single authoritative editions of chant via paleographical study. This led to the scholarly monks of the abbey, chief among ...
The concept of "mode" in Western music theory has three successive stages: in Gregorian chant theory, in Renaissance polyphonic theory, and in tonal harmonic music of the common practice period. In all three contexts, "mode" incorporates the idea of the diatonic scale , but differs from it by also involving an element of melody type .
In chant, a reciting tone (also called a recitation tone) can refer to either a repeated musical pitch or to the entire melodic formula for which that pitch is a structural note. In Gregorian chant , the first is also called tenor , dominant or tuba , while the second includes psalm tones (each with its own associated Gregorian mode ) as well ...
In modern Gregorian chant notation the C clef is written (on a four-line staff) in the form and the F clef as . The flourish at the top of the G-clef probably derives from a cursive S for "sol", the name for "G" in solfege. [15] Vocal music can be contracted into two staffs, using the treble and bass clefs.
Gregorian chant is a variety of plainsong named after Pope Gregory I (6th century A.D.), but Gregory did not invent the chant. The tradition linking Gregory I to the development of the chant seems to rest on a possibly mistaken identification of a certain "Gregorius", probably Pope Gregory II, with his more famous predecessor. The term ...
Gregorian chant setting for Kyrie XI notated in neumes.. The Kyriale is a collection of Gregorian chant settings for the Ordinary of the Mass.It contains eighteen Masses (each consisting of the Kyrie, Gloria [excluded from Masses intended for weekdays/ferias and Sundays in Advent and Lent], Sanctus, and Agnus Dei), six Credos, and several ad libitum chants.