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Twenty-two nonmetals including B, Si, Ge, As and Te. Tin and antimony are shown as being intermediate between metals and nonmetals; they are later shown as either metals or nonmetals. Astatine is counted as a metal. Emsley J 1971, The Inorganic Chemistry of the Non-metals, Methuen Educational, London, ISBN 978-0-423-86120-4. Twenty nonmetals.
In 1802 the term "metalloids" was introduced for elements with the physical properties of metals but the chemical properties of non-metals. [194] However, in 1811, the Swedish chemist Berzelius used the term "metalloids" [195] to describe all nonmetallic elements, noting their ability to form negatively charged ions with oxygen in aqueous ...
Hydrogen is again placed by itself on account of its uniqueness. The remaining nonmetals are divided into metalloids, nonmetals, (referred to as "quintessential nonmetals"), halogens, and noble gases. Since the metalloids abut the post-transition or "poor" metals, they might be renamed as "poor non-metals". [11]
For instance, in this usage plastics are nonmetals, but in fact there are (electrically) conducting polymers [22] [23] which should formally be described as metals. Similar, but slightly more complex, many materials which are (nonmetal) semiconductors behave like metals when they contain a high concentration of dopants , being called degenerate ...
The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
Arsenic is a poor oxidising agent (As + 3e → AsH 3 = –0.22 at pH 0). As a metalloid, its chemistry is largely covalent in nature, noting it can form brittle alloys with metals, and has an extensive organometallic chemistry. Most alloys of arsenic with metals lack metallic or semimetallic conductivity.
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Metal: Fermi liquid: a metal with well-defined quasiparticle states at the Fermi surface. Non-Fermi liquid: Various metallic states with unconventional properties. Insulator. Band insulator: A material that is insulating due to a band gap in its electronic spectrum; Mott insulator: A material that is insulating due to interactions between ...