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The first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine.While building the computer Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the stored-program concept.
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, also referred to as computer architecture.A realization of an ISA is called an implementation.An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware.
A hardware architecture, then, is an abstract representation of an electronic or an electromechanical device capable of running a fixed or changeable program. [7] [8] A hardware architecture generally includes some form of analog, digital, or hybrid electronic computer, along with electronic
In computer science, an instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model that generally defines how software controls the CPU in a computer or a family of computers. [1] A device or program that executes instructions described by that ISA, such as a central processing unit (CPU), is called an implementation of that ISA.
Computer architecture Computer architecture targets the internal structure of a computer system, in terms of collaborating hardware components such as the CPU – or processor – the bus and the memory. Serverless architecture Serverless architecture is a cloud computing paradigm that is often misunderstood as being server-free.
Out-of-order execution, branch prediction, Harvard architecture: AMD K8: 2003 64-bit, integrated memory controller, 16 byte instruction prefetching AMD K10: 2007 Superscalar, out-of-order execution, 32-way set associative L3 victim cache, 32-byte instruction prefetching: ARM7TDMI (-S) 2001 3 ARM7EJ-S: 2001 5 ARM810 5
Example of a high-level systems architecture for a computer. A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and views of a system. [1] An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system.
A cycle-accurate simulator is a computer program that simulates a microarchitecture on a cycle-by-cycle basis. In contrast an instruction set simulator simulates an instruction set architecture usually faster but not cycle-accurate to a specific implementation of this architecture; they are often used when emulating older hardware, where time precision is important for legacy reasons.