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Shoulder dystocia occurs after vaginal delivery of the head, when the baby's anterior shoulder is obstructed by the mother's pubic bone. [3] [1] It is typically diagnosed when the baby's shoulders fails to deliver despite gentle downward traction on the baby's head, requiring the need of special techniques to safely deliver the baby. [2]
Obstructed labour, also known as labour dystocia, is the baby not exiting the pelvis because it is physically blocked during childbirth although the uterus contracts normally. [2] Complications for the baby include not getting enough oxygen which may result in death. [ 1 ]
Obstetric injuries may occur from mechanical injury involving shoulder dystocia during difficult childbirth, [5] with a prevalence of 1 in 1000 births. [6] "The brachial plexus may be injured by falls from a height on to the side of the head and shoulder, whereby the nerves of the plexus are violently stretched.
Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD), also called cleidocranial dysplasia, is a birth defect that mostly affects the bones and teeth. [1] The collarbones are typically either poorly developed or absent, which allows the shoulders to be brought close together. [1]
Use for shoulder dystocia is controversial. [ 5 ] Currently the procedure is rarely performed in developed countries, but is still performed in "rural areas and resource-poor settings of developing countries" [ 7 ] where caesarean sections are not available, or where obstetricians may not be available to deliver subsequent pregnancies. [ 8 ]
Persistent asynclitism can cause problems with dystocia, and has often been associated with cesarean births. However, a skilled midwife or obstetrician a complication-free vaginal birth may be achievable through movement and positioning of the mother, and patience and allowing the baby to move through the pelvis and moulding of the skull during ...
Work with your doctor to create a personalized plan that includes calories, physical activity, and medications to help minimize symptoms and weight gain. 12. You're weighing yourself at different ...
The Zavanelli maneuver is an obstetric maneuver that involves pushing back the delivered fetal head into the birth canal in anticipation of performing a cesarean section in cases of shoulder dystocia. [1] [2] The Zavanelli maneuver is performed only after other maneuvers have failed, as it is associated with high risk to both the mother and the ...