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The minimal F wave latency is typically 25-32 ms in the upper extremities and 45-56 ms in the lower extremities. F wave persistence is the number of F waves obtained per the number of stimulations, which is normally 80-100% (or above 50%).
There are two types of latency taken into account during the study: onset latency and peak latency. [11] Onset latency is the time it takes for the electrical stimulus to trigger an action potential in the nerve. [11] Peak latency is a representation of the time delay for the signal to travel down the "majority of the axons" in the nerve. [11]
Electromyoneurography is a technique that uses surface electrical probes to obtain electrophysiological readings from nerve and muscle cells. The nerve activity is generally recorded using surface electrodes, stimulating the nerve at one site and recording from another with a minimum distance between the two.
An electromagnetic wave travelling through a medium has a propagation delay determined by the speed of light in that particular medium, or ca. 1 nanosecond per 29.98 centimetres (11.80 in) in a vacuum. An electric signal travelling through a wire has an propagation delay of ca. 1 nanosecond per 15 centimetres (5.9 in). [1]
An M-wave, an early response, occurs 3-6 ms after the onset of stimulation. The H and F-waves are later responses. As the stimulus increases, the amplitude of the F-wave increases only slightly, and the H-wave decreases, and at supramaximal stimulus, the H-wave will disappear. The M-wave does the opposite of the H-wave.
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