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Boronized metal parts are extremely wear resistant and will often last two to five times longer than components treated with conventional heat treatments such as hardening, carburizing, nitriding, nitrocarburizing or induction hardening. Most borided steel surfaces will have iron boride layer hardnesses ranging from 1200-1600 HV.
Boron is effective at very low concentrations – 30 ppm B can replace an equivalent 0.4% Cr, 0.5% C, or 0.12% V. [2] 30 ppm B has also been shown to increase depth of hardening (~ +50%) in a low-alloy steel – thought to be due to its retardation of austenite decomposition to softer bainite, ferrite, or pearlite structures on cooling from an ...
Boron carbide was discovered in the 19th century as a by-product of reactions involving metal borides, but its chemical formula was unknown. It was not until the 1930s that the chemical composition was estimated as B 4 C. [4] Controversy remained as to whether or not the material had this exact 4:1 stoichiometry, as, in practice the material is always slightly carbon-deficient with regard to ...
Boron carbide, B 4 C, on the other hand, has an unusual structure which includes icosahedral boron units linked by carbon atoms. In this respect boron carbide is similar to the boron rich borides. Both silicon carbide (also known as carborundum) and boron carbide are very hard materials and refractory. Both materials are important industrially.
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Boron carbide Crystal structure of B 6 O. Other hard boron-rich compounds include B 4 C and B 6 O. Amorphous a-B 4 C has a hardness of about 50 GPa, which is in the range of superhardness. [55] It can be looked at as consisting of boron icosahedra-like crystals embedded in an amorphous medium.