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Household bleach and pool chlorinator solutions are typically stabilized by a significant concentration of lye (caustic soda, NaOH) as part of the manufacturing reaction. This additive will by itself cause caustic irritation or burns due to defatting and saponification of skin oils and destruction of tissue.
For example, the label of a household bleach product may specify "5% sodium hypochlorite by weight." That would mean that 1 kilogram of the product contains 0.05 × 1000 g = 50 g of NaClO. A typical oxidation reaction is the conversion of iodide I − to elemental iodine I 2. The relevant reactions are NaClO + 2 H + + 2 I − → NaCl + H 2 O ...
Saponification is a process of cleaving esters into carboxylate salts and alcohols by the action of aqueous alkali. Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. [1][2] It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate ...
Bleach. Clorox brand bleach. Bleach is the generic name for any chemical product that is used industrially or domestically to remove colour from (i.e. to whiten) fabric or fiber (in a process called bleaching) or to disinfect after cleaning. It often refers specifically to a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite, also called "liquid bleach".
The SOAP note (an acronym for subjective, objective, assessment, and plan) is a method of documentation employed by healthcare providers to write out notes in a patient 's chart, along with other common formats, such as the admission note. [1][2] Documenting patient encounters in the medical record is an integral part of practice workflow ...
To use oxygen bleach for outdoor cleaning, start by sweeping or rinsing the surface with a hose to loosen dirt and debris. Make an oxygen bleach solution with hot water, following the package ...
Invisible ink. A coded letter from Benedict Arnold, originally written in invisible ink. Handwriting by Peggy Shippen Arnold is interspersed with coded communication in Arnold's hand. Invisible ink, also known as security ink or sympathetic ink, is a substance used for writing, which is invisible either on application or soon thereafter, and ...
Sodium chloride / ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food ...