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Sialolithiasis accounts for about 50% of all disease occurring in major salivary glands, and for about 66% of all obstructive salivary gland diseases. Salivary gland stones are twice as common in males as in females. The most common age range in which they occur is between 30 and 60, and they are uncommon in children. [2]
1990: Konigsberger and Gundlach separately performed sialoendoscopy when they introduced an endoscope into the major salivary glands. [3] [4] 1991, Katz introduced a 0.8-millimeter flexible endoscope to diagnose and treat salivary gland stones. [5] 1994, Nahlieli used a rigid miniendoscope to diagnose and treat major salivary gland obstructions ...
Sialectasis (also termed sialectasia, or siadochiectasis) [1] is cystic dilation of the ducts of salivary glands. [2] It may be caused by salivary duct strictures or stones (sialolithiasis). [3] It can also rarely be congenital. [4]
They are a relatively common complication following surgery to the salivary glands, [4] commonly parotidectomy (removal of the parotid gland). [5] In this case the sialocele is the result of saliva draining out of remaining parotid tissue, and occurs about 5 to 10% of cases of superficial (partial) parotidectomy. [5] [6]
The blockage may be from a salivary stone, a mucous plug, or, more rarely, by a tumor, usually benign. Salivary stones (also called sialolithiasis, or salivary duct calculus) are mainly made of calcium, but do not indicate any kind of calcium disorder. [7] Other causes can be duct stricture (narrowing of the duct), infection or injury.
Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), [1] is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. [2] This is compared to sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma. [3] Sialodochitis may be associated with salivary duct strictures and salivary stones. [4] It is common in both the parotid glands and submandibular ...
The two parotid glands are major salivary glands wrapped around the mandibular ramus in humans. [6] These are largest of the salivary glands, secreting saliva to facilitate mastication and swallowing, and amylase to begin the digestion of starches. [7] It is the serous type of gland which secretes alpha-amylase (also known as ptyalin). [8]
Local conditions at the site in question that promote their formation, e.g., local bacteria action (in kidney stones) or slower fluid flow rates, a possible explanation of the majority of salivary duct calculus occurring in the submandibular salivary gland.