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Typical level-of-processing theory would predict that picture encodings would create deeper processing than lexical encoding. "Memory over the short term and the long term has been thought to differ in many ways in terms of capacity, the underlying neural substrates, and the types of processes that support performance."
The idea behind the levels of processing theory is that the depth of processing effects how well you encode the information you are learning. Craik and Tulving performed a study in 1975 where the participants were presented a list of 60 words each word having three questions.
Fergus Ian Muirden Craik FRS (born 17 April 1935, Edinburgh, Scotland) is a cognitive psychologist known for his research on levels of processing in memory. This work was done in collaboration with Robert Lockhart at the University of Toronto in 1972 and continued with another collaborative effort with Endel Tulving in 1975.
Transfer-appropriate processing (TAP) is a type of state-dependent memory specifically showing that memory performance is not only determined by the depth of processing (where associating meaning with information strengthens the memory; see levels-of-processing effect), but by the relationship between how information is initially encoded and how it is later retrieved.
Incidental encoding paradigms are used to examine the Levels-of-processing effect [22] on incidental memory. The Level of Processing Framework by Craik and Lockhart (1972) is a significant theory for incidental learning that postulates how levels of encoding and processing affects the extent of later retrieval.
"Processing can range from cutting, washing, or freezing to adding ingredients such as sugar, fat, and salt," says Cassandra Padula Burke, R.D.N., owner of Catalyst Performance Lab. Some levels of ...
Allan Paivio's dual-coding theory is a basis of picture superiority effect. Paivio claims that pictures have advantages over words with regards to coding and retrieval of stored memory because pictures are coded more easily and can be retrieved from symbolic mode, while the dual coding process using words is more difficult for both coding and retrieval.
The claim: Donald Trump can't travel to Canada because he is a convicted felon. A Dec. 3 Threads post (direct link, archive link) offers a theory as to why Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau ...