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Mount Tambora experienced several centuries of dormancy before 1815, caused by the gradual cooling of hydrous magma in its closed magma chamber. [7] Inside the chamber at depths between 1.5 and 4.5 km (5,000 and 15,000 ft), the exsolution of a high-pressure fluid magma formed during cooling and crystallisation of the magma.
Mount Tambora, or Tomboro, is an active stratovolcano in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Located on Sumbawa in the Lesser Sunda Islands , it was formed by the active subduction zones beneath it. Before 1815 , its elevation reached more than 4,300 metres (14,100 feet) high, making it one of the tallest peaks in the Indonesian archipelago.
Mount Tambora: 7 Indonesia: 1815 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, Year Without a Summer: 36,000+ Krakatoa: 6 Indonesia: 1883 1883 eruption of Krakatoa: 30,000 Mount Pelée: 4 Martinique: 1902 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée: 23,000 Nevado del Ruiz: 3 Colombia: 1985 Armero tragedy: 20,000~ (estimated) Santorini: 6 Greece: c. 1600 BC Minoan eruption ...
Three great columns of flame rose in the sky over Mount Tambora on April 10, 1815. The long-dormant Indonesian volcano had rumbled to life five days earlier with a thunderous detonation followed.
The eruption is believed to have contributed to the accumulation of atmospheric ash, [citation needed] capped by the catastrophic eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815, that led to the Year Without a Summer in 1816. Pinatubo eruption: 1500 to 2021: Reawakened in 1991 producing the 2nd largest eruption in the 20th century.
The only semi-recent example was the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, which led to worldwide cooling and agricultural failures and caused 1816 to become known as the "year without a summer."
Mount Emmons, Mount Hague, and Double Crater are post-caldera cones. [6] The topography of the Basin and Range Province is a result of crustal extension within this part of the North American Plate (rifting of the North American craton or Laurentia from Western North America; e.g. Gulf of California, Rio Grande rift, Oregon-Idaho graben).
Two of the four eruptions were previously identified: Mount Tambora in Indonesia exploded in 1815, and Cosegüina erupted in Nicaragua in 1835. The volcano that produced the 1808/1809 eruption ...