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Salyut 1 (Russian: Салют-1, lit. 'Salute 1'), also known as DOS-1 (Durable Orbital Station 1), was the world's first space station. It was launched into low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on April 19, 1971. The Salyut program subsequently achieved five more successful launches of seven additional stations.
The Salyut programme (Russian: Салют, IPA:, meaning "salute" or "fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet Union.It involved a series of four crewed scientific research space stations and two crewed military reconnaissance space stations over a period of 15 years, from 1971 to 1986.
Most often space stations have been research stations, but they have also served military or commercial uses, such as hosting space tourists. Space stations have been hosting the only continuous presence of humans in space. The first space station was Salyut 1 (1971), hosting the first crew, of the ill-fated Soyuz 11.
A crew would then be launched to join the station and perform research. After the supplies had been consumed, the station was abandoned. [7] The first space station was Salyut 1, which was launched by the Soviet Union on April 19, 1971. The early Soviet stations were all designated "Salyut", but among these, there were two distinct types ...
Several months earlier, the first mission to the Salyut, Soyuz 10, had failed to successfully dock with the station. [14] During the first day of the flight, maneuvers were made to effect a rendezvous with the uncrewed Salyut (1971-032A). When Soyuz 11 was 6 to 7 kilometres (3.7 to 4.3 mi; 3.2 to 3.8 nmi) from Salyut, automatic devices took ...
It put the first space station, Salyut 1, into low Earth orbit in 1971, and the first modular space station, Mir, in 1986. [14] Its Interkosmos program was also notable for sending the first citizen of a country other than the United States or Soviet Union into space. [15] [16]
The Salyut programme was the first space station program undertaken by the Soviet Union. [84] The goal was to carry out long-term research into the problems of living in space and a variety of astronomical, biological and Earth-resources experiments. The program ran from 1971 to 1986.
Salyut 6 was the first "second generation" space station, representing a major breakthrough in capabilities and operational success. In addition to a new propulsion system and its primary scientific instrument—the BST-1M multispectral telescope—the station had two docking ports, allowing two craft to visit simultaneously.