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Stormwater, also written storm water, is water that originates from precipitation , including heavy rain and meltwater from hail and snow. Stormwater can soak into the soil ( infiltrate ) and become groundwater , be stored on depressed land surface in ponds and puddles , evaporate back into the atmosphere, or contribute to surface runoff .
The Storm Water Management Model Climate Adjustment Tool (SWMM-CAT) [10] is a new addition to SWMM5 (December 2014). It is a simple to use software utility that allows future climate change projections to be incorporated into the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM).
Storm drain grate on a street in Warsaw, Poland Storm drain with its pipe visible beneath it due to construction work. A storm drain, storm sewer (United Kingdom, U.S. and Canada), highway drain, [1] surface water drain/sewer (United Kingdom), or stormwater drain (Australia and New Zealand) is infrastructure designed to drain excess rain and ground water from impervious surfaces such as paved ...
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Storm water is typically channeled to a retention basin through a system of street and/or parking lot storm drains, and a network of drain channels or underground pipes.. The basins are designed to allow relatively large flows of water to enter, but discharges to receiving waters are limited by outlet structures that function only during very large storm eve
In civil engineering (specifically hydraulic engineering), a hydrodynamic separator (HDS) is a stormwater management device that uses cyclonic separation to control water pollution. They are designed as flow-through structures with a settling or separation unit to remove sediment and other pollutants. [1]
Combined sewer outflow into the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C. Ratcliff Beach CSO discharges into the River Thames in London [7]. These relief structures, called "storm-water regulators" (in American English - or "combined sewer overflows" in British English) are constructed in combined sewer systems to divert flows in excess of the peak design flow of the sewage treatment plant. [6]
Stormwater harvesting or stormwater reuse is the collection, accumulation, treatment or purification, and storage of stormwater for its eventual reuse. While rainwater harvesting collects precipitation primarily from rooftops, stormwater harvesting deals with collection of runoff from creeks, gullies, ephemeral streams and underground conveyance.