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In the Iliad, Apollo is the healer under the gods, but he is also the bringer of disease and death with his arrows, similar to the function of the Vedic god of disease Rudra. [76] He sends a plague (λοιμός) to the Achaeans.
Iliad : from the Perseus Project , with the Murray and Butler translations and hyperlinks to mythological and grammatical commentary; Iliad: the Greek text presented with the translation by Buckley and vocabulary, notes, and analysis of difficult grammatical forms; Gods, Achaeans and Troyans.
Cassandra (Κασσάνδρα), a daughter of King Priam and Queen Hecuba; Cassandra's prophecies are ignored as a result of displeasing Apollo. Glaucus (Γλαῦκος), co-leader, with his cousin Sarpedon, of the Lycian forces allied to the Trojan cause.
In his prayer to Apollo (Iliad, I, 445–457), Chryses, a priest of the god in Anatolia, washes his hands and lifts them prior to requesting fulfillment of his wish. He admits his lower status in relation to the god, "who set your power about Chryse and Killa the sacrosanct, who are lord in strength over Tenedos" (Iliad, I, 451–3).
The Hymn to Apollo makes reference to a chorus of maidens on the island of Delos, the Deliades, who sang hymns to Apollo, Leto and Artemis. [37] References to instruments of the lyre family (known interchangeably as phorminx) occur throughout the Homeric Hymns and other archaic texts, such as the Iliad and Odyssey. [38]
In time, Paeon (more usually spelled Paean) became an epithet of Apollo, in his capacity as a god capable of bringing disease and therefore propitiated as a god of healing. [12] Later, Paeon becomes an epithet of Asclepius, the healer-god. [13] Later, perhaps due to his identification with Apollo, Helios was also invoked as "Paion." [1] [14]
In Book XVII of the Iliad, Apollo disguises himself as Mentes to encourage Hector to fight Menelaus, ("Hector, now you're going after something you'll not catch, chasing the horses of warrior Achilles, descendant of Aeacus. No mortal man, except Achilles, can control or drive them, for an immortal mother gave him birth.
In Iliad 22, Achilles is seeking to avenge the death of Patroclus by killing Hector, Patroclus' killer. [3] After being distracted by Apollo, Achilles: spoke, and stalked away against the city, with high thoughts in mind, and in tearing speed, like a racehorse with his chariot who runs lightly as he pulls the chariot over the flat land.