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p-DCB is produced by chlorination of benzene using ferric chloride as a catalyst: . C 6 H 6 + 2 Cl 2 → C 6 H 4 Cl 2 + 2 HCl. The chief impurity is the 1,2 isomer.The compound can be purified by fractional crystallization, taking advantage of its relatively high melting point of 53.5 °C; the isomeric dichlorobenzenes and chlorobenzene melt well below room temperature.
There are three distinct chemical compounds which are dichlorobenzenes: . 1,2-Dichlorobenzene or ortho-dichlorobenzene;; 1,3-Dichlorobenzene or meta-dichlorobenzene;; 1,4-Dichlorobenzene or para-dichlorobenzene.
Para block. The chemicals composing the block vary. The original formulations were based upon naphthalene and then later para-dichlorobenzene, both now known to be hazardous to health by inhalation.
Older mothballs consisted primarily of naphthalene, but due to naphthalene's flammability, many modern mothball formulations instead use 1,4-dichlorobenzene.The latter formulation may be somewhat less flammable, although both chemicals have the same NFPA 704 rating for flammability.
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Toxic leukoencephalopathy may also result from carbon monoxide poisoning, ingestion of methanol, ingestion of ethylene, [8] toluene toxicity, [3] ethanol poisoning, ingestion of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy"), or ingestion of paradichlorobenzene, [18] which is a toxic agent in mothballs.
1,2-Dichlorobenzene, or orthodichlorobenzene (ODCB), is an aryl chloride and isomer of dichlorobenzene with the formula C 6 H 4 Cl 2.This colourless liquid is poorly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents.
Various early 20th Century embalming fluids. Embalming chemicals are a variety of preservatives, sanitising and disinfectant agents, and additives used in modern embalming to temporarily prevent decomposition and restore a natural appearance for viewing a body after death.