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[1] [2] The nerve typically travels from the pons through the facial canal in the temporal bone and exits the skull at the stylomastoid foramen. [3] It arises from the brainstem from an area posterior to the cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) and anterior to cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve).
The stylomastoid foramen is a foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone of the skull. It is the termination of the facial canal, and transmits the facial nerve, and stylomastoid artery. Facial nerve inflammation in the stylomastoid foramen may cause Bell's palsy.
The digastric branch of facial nerve provides motor innervation to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. [1] [2] It branches from the facial nerve (CN VII) near to the stylomastoid foramen [1] as the CN VII exits the facial canal (it thus branches proximal to the parotid plexus of facial nerve). [2]
Before the nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen and after the nerve to the stapedius muscle has branched off, the facial nerve gives off the chorda tympani nerve. This nerve exits the skull through the petrotympanic fissure and merges with the lingual nerve, after which it synapses with neurons in the submandibular ganglion.
The facial canal gives passage to the facial nerve (CN VII) (hence the name). [1] [verification needed] [better source needed] Its proximal opening is at the internal auditory meatus; its distal opening is the stylomastoid foramen. In humans, the canal is approximately 3 cm long, making it the longest bony canal of a nerve in the human body.
jugular foramen: 2: internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus: glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), vagus nerve (X), accessory nerve (XI) temporal: posterior cranial fossa: stylomastoid foramen: 2: stylomastoid artery: facial nerve (VII) occipital: posterior cranial fossa: hypoglossal canal: 2-hypoglossal nerve (XII) occipital ...
The temporal branch of the facial nerve is typically found between the temporoparietal fascia (i.e., superficial temporal fascia) and temporal fascia (i.e., deep temporal fascia). This layer is also known as the innominate fascia. There are several methods using anatomic landmarks that may be used to find the temporal branch of the facial nerve.
The tissues in the throat rub on the styloid process during the act of swallowing with resulting pain along the glossopharyngeal nerve. There is also pain upon turning the head or extending the tongue. Other symptoms may include voice alteration, cough, dizziness, migraines, occipital neuralgia, pain in teeth and jaw and sinusitis or bloodshot ...