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The luminous flux is a weighted sum of the power at all wavelengths in the visible band. Light outside the visible band does not contribute. The ratio of the total luminous flux to the radiant flux is called the luminous efficacy. This model of the human visual brightness perception, is standardized by the CIE and ISO. [5]
Luminous flux per unit solid angle: Luminance: L v: candela per square metre: cd/m 2 (= lm/(sr⋅m 2)) L −2 ⋅J: Luminous flux per unit solid angle per unit projected source area. The candela per square metre is sometimes called the nit. Illuminance: E v: lux (= lumen per square metre) lx (= lm/m 2) L −2 ⋅J: Luminous flux incident on a ...
Luminous efficacy of radiation measures the fraction of electromagnetic power which is useful for lighting. It is obtained by dividing the luminous flux by the radiant flux. [4] Light wavelengths outside the visible spectrum reduce luminous efficacy, because they contribute to the radiant flux, while the luminous flux of such light is zero ...
Mathematically, for the spectral power distribution of a radiant exitance or irradiance one may write: =where M(λ) is the spectral irradiance (or exitance) of the light (SI units: W/m 2 = kg·m −1 ·s −3); Φ is the radiant flux of the source (SI unit: watt, W); A is the area over which the radiant flux is integrated (SI unit: square meter, m 2); and λ is the wavelength (SI unit: meter, m).
Luminous energy density ω v: lumen second per cubic metre lm⋅s/m 3: L −3 ⋅T⋅J: Luminous efficacy (of radiation) K: lumen per watt: lm/W: M −1 ⋅L −2 ⋅T 3 ⋅J: Ratio of luminous flux to radiant flux: Luminous efficacy (of a source) η [nb 3] lumen per watt: lm/W: M −1 ⋅L −2 ⋅T 3 ⋅J: Ratio of luminous flux to power ...
The luminance of a specified point of a light source, in a specified direction, is defined by the mixed partial derivative = where L v is the luminance ( cd / m 2 ); d 2 Φ v is the luminous flux ( lm ) leaving the area dΣ in any direction contained inside the solid angle dΩ Σ ;
Φ v is the luminous flux, in lumens; Φ e,λ is the spectral radiant flux, in watts per nanometre; y (λ), also known as V(λ), is the luminosity function, dimensionless; λ is the wavelength, in nanometres. Formally, the integral is the inner product of the luminosity function with the spectral power distribution. [2]
Illuminance diagram with units and terminology. In photometry, illuminance is the total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area. [1] It is a measure of how much the incident light illuminates the surface, wavelength-weighted by the luminosity function to correlate with human brightness perception. [2]