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The AOP procedure is particularly useful for cleaning biologically toxic or non-degradable materials such as aromatics, pesticides, petroleum constituents, and volatile organic compounds in wastewater. [5] Additionally, AOPs can be used to treat effluent of secondary treated wastewater which is then called tertiary treatment. [6]
The optional second step (for bare silicon wafers) is a short immersion in a 1:100 or 1:50 solution of aqueous HF (hydrofluoric acid) at 25 °C for about fifteen seconds, in order to remove the thin oxide layer and some fraction of ionic contaminants. If this step is performed without ultra high purity materials and ultra clean containers, it ...
In 1982, the Marine Corps discovered volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in several drinking water wells that fed into two of the eight water systems. The sources were traced to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from a two dry cleaners – one on base, the other off the base and trichloroethylene which had been used in vehicle maintenance on the base ...
Common uses include processing waste water, capturing harmful chemicals or silt from surface runoff, and microbiotic oxidation of contaminants in air. Industrial biofiltration can be classified as the process of utilizing biological oxidation to remove volatile organic compounds, odors, and hydrocarbons.
Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a physical treatment process for in situ remediation of volatile contaminants in vadose zone (unsaturated) soils (EPA, 2012). SVE (also referred to as in situ soil venting or vacuum extraction) is based on mass transfer of contaminant from the solid (sorbed) and liquid (aqueous or non-aqueous) phases into the gas phase, with subsequent collection of the gas phase ...
For instance, higher levels of NH3-N, a common contaminant in ground water, can take several hours of air stripping in order to be properly removed from water. In a recent study, it took 4 hours to for the air stripper to reach an equilibrium of efficiency in removing NH3-N elements, topping off at an 81.9% removal rate.
Typical BMPs include operator training, maintenance practices, and spill control procedures for treatment chemicals. [9] There are also many BMPs available which are specific to particular industrial processes, for example: source reduction practices in metal finishing industries (e.g. substituting less toxic solvents or using water-based ...
VOC BioTreat™ is a U.S. patent pending technology for Ramboll Environ. This technology allows for the removal and chemical degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by piping them into a deep-tank aerated activated sludge wastewater treatment plant, [1] which meets U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards for VOC and hazardous air pollutant removal and can be used for ...