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Sexagesimal, also known as base 60, [1] is a numeral system with sixty as its base.It originated with the ancient Sumerians in the 3rd millennium BC, was passed down to the ancient Babylonians, and is still used—in a modified form—for measuring time, angles, and geographic coordinates.
YBC 7289 is a Babylonian clay tablet notable for containing an accurate sexagesimal approximation to the square root of 2, the length of the diagonal of a unit square. This number is given to the equivalent of six decimal digits, "the greatest known computational accuracy ... in the ancient world". [ 1 ]
A Euclidean vector may possess a definite initial point and terminal point; such a condition may be emphasized calling the result a bound vector. [12] When only the magnitude and direction of the vector matter, and the particular initial or terminal points are of no importance, the vector is called a free vector.
The Babylonian clay tablet YBC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BC) gives an approximation of the square root of 2 in four sexagesimal figures, 𒐕 𒌋𒌋𒐼 𒐐𒐕 𒌋 = 1;24,51,10, [13] which is accurate to about six decimal digits, [14] and is the closest possible three-place sexagesimal representation of √ 2:
The order of operations, that is, the order in which the operations in an expression are usually performed, results from a convention adopted throughout mathematics, science, technology and many computer programming languages.
If we use the entire collection of our alphanumerics we could ultimately serve a base-62 numeral system, but we remove two digits, uppercase "I" and uppercase "O", to reduce confusion with digits "1" and "0". [15] We are left with a base-60, or sexagesimal numeral system utilizing 60 of the 62 standard alphanumerics. (But see Sexagesimal system ...
Hexadecimal (also known as base-16 or simply hex) is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9 and "A"–"F" to represent values from ten to fifteen.
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