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Small variable-frequency drive Chassis of above VFD (cover removed). A variable-frequency drive (VFD, or adjustable-frequency drive, adjustable-speed drive, variable-speed drive, AC drive, micro drive, inverter drive, variable voltage variable frequency drive, or drive) is a type of AC motor drive (system incorporating a motor) that controls speed and torque by varying the frequency of the ...
A variable speed motor drive is a system that includes a motor that is continuously variable in speed. If the motor is generating electrical energy rather than using it, the motor drive could be called a generator drive but is often still referred to as a motor drive.
Fixed speed drives are designed to manage starting at full speed, which does not maximize efficiency. An inverter represents one of the basic components of a variable speed drive (VSD) that includes other components such as a rectifier, an intermediate circuit and a control unit. The basic work of an inverter within a VSD is simple.
In vector control, an AC induction or synchronous motor is controlled under all operating conditions like a separately excited DC motor. [21] That is, the AC motor behaves like a DC motor in which the field flux linkage and armature flux linkage created by the respective field and armature (or torque component) currents are orthogonally aligned such that, when torque is controlled, the field ...
To obtain a variable speed response, brushless motors operate in an electromechanical system that includes an electronic motor controller and a rotor position feedback sensor. [21] Brushless DC motors are widely used as servomotors for machine tool servo drives. Servomotors are used for mechanical displacement, positioning or precision motion ...
Direct torque control (DTC) is one method used in variable-frequency drives to control the torque (and thus finally the speed) of three-phase AC electric motors.This involves calculating an estimate of the motor's magnetic flux and torque based on the measured voltage and current of the motor.