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The Spanish American wars of independence (Spanish: Guerras de independencia hispanoamericanas) took place across the Spanish Empire in the early 19th century. The struggles in both hemispheres began shortly after the outbreak of the Peninsular War , forming part of the broader context of the Napoleonic Wars .
Juntas emerged in Spanish America as a result of Spain facing a political crisis due to the kidnapping and abdication of Ferdinand VII and Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion. . Spanish Americans reacted in much the same way the Peninsular Spanish did, legitimizing their actions through traditional law, which held that there was a retroversion of the sovereignty to the people in the absence of a ...
Independent Party (Burma) Independent Party (Denmark) Independent Party (Greece) The Independent Party in Kenya; Independent Party (Laos) Independent Party (South Africa) Independent Party (Uruguay) Swatantra Party (Independence Party), India (1959–1974) Sikkim Swatantra Dal (Sikkim Independence Party), Sikkim, India (1958–1975)
The Wars of Independence in Spanish America. Willmington, SR Books. ISBN 0-8420-2469-7; Benson, Nettie Lee (ed.) (1966). Mexico and the Spanish Cortes. Austin: University of Texas Press. Michael P. Costeloe (1986). Response to Revolution: Imperial Spain and the Spanish American Revolutions, 1810-1840. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521 ...
The term was also used in Spanish America to describe the first autonomist governments established in 1809, 1810, and 1811 in reaction to the developments in Spain. By the time the delegates were to be chosen for the Cádiz Cortes, some of the American provinces had successfully established their juntas, which did not recognize the authority of either the supreme central one or the regency.
Early pioneers in the Ohio Valley were already known as buckeyes when Dr. Daniel Drake, a physician and historian in Cincinnati, presented a speech on Dec. 26, 1833, extolling the virtues of the ...
in The Oxford handbook of pensions and retirement income (2006): 33-51. Weisman, Mary-Lou (1999), "The History of Retirement, From Early Man to A.A.R.P.", The New York Times; Zickar, Michael J. "The evolving history of retirement within the United States." in The Oxford handbook of retirement (2013): 10-21.
Thinking of retiring in Ohio? Many cities in the Buckeye State are ideal for retirees, with low tax burdens, a high percentage of senior residents and plenty of access to recreation and a healthcare.