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Projective identification is a term introduced by Melanie Klein and then widely adopted in psychoanalytic psychotherapy.Projective identification may be used as a type of defense, a means of communicating, a primitive form of relationship, or a route to psychological change; [1] used for ridding the self of unwanted parts or for controlling the other's body and mind.
Identification Projection Series (IPS) refers to a projective technique used in psychotherapy. [1] IPS is related to other, more established, projective methods in psychotherapy such as the Rorschach Test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). A more recent projective method with a higher degree of validity is the Adult Attachment Projective ...
The related defence of projective identification differs from projection in that the other person is expected to become identified with the impulse or desire projected outside, [16] so that the self maintains a connection with what is projected, in contrast to the total repudiation of projection proper. [17]
Projective identification serves as a mode of communication. It is a form of object relations, and "a pathway for psychological change." [22]: 21 As a form of object relationship, projective identification is a way of relating with others who are not seen as entirely separate from the individual. Instead, this relating takes place "between the ...
Also, devaluation and projective identification are seen as borderline defences. [11] Robert Plutchik's (1979) theory views defences as derivatives of basic emotions, which in turn relate to particular diagnostic structures. According to his theory, reaction formation relates to joy (and manic features), denial relates to acceptance (and ...
Primary identification is the original and primitive form of emotional attachment to something or someone prior to any relations with other persons or objects: [6] "an individual's first and most important identification, his identification with the father in his own personal prehistory...with the parents". [7]
In the psychotherapeutic relationship, self and object representations are activated in the transference. In the course of the therapy, projection and identification are operating, i.e., devalued self-representations are projected onto the therapist whilst the client identifies with a critical object representation.
Melanie Klein (née Reizes; 30 March 1882 – 22 September 1960) was an Austrian-British author and psychoanalyst known for her work in child analysis.She was the primary figure in the development of object relations theory.