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There are four types of fingerprint scanners: [7] optical scanners, capacitance scanners, ultrasonic scanners, and thermal scanners. The basic function of every type of scanner is to obtain an image of a person's fingerprint and find a match for it in its database. The measure of the fingerprint image quality is in dots per inch (DPI). [8]
The iPhone 5s (pictured) was the first model with a Touch ID sensor integrated with its home button.. In 2012, Apple acquired AuthenTec, a company focused on fingerprint-reading and identification management software, for $356 million. [1]
Capacitive or CMOS scanners use capacitors and thus electric current to form an image of the fingerprint. Ultrasound fingerprint scanners use high frequency sound waves to penetrate the epidermal (outer) layer of the skin. Thermal scanners sense the temperature differences on the contact surface, in between fingerprint ridges and valleys.
Iris scanner in action to identify people. A biometric device is a security identification and authentication device. Such devices use automated methods of verifying or recognising the identity of a living person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic.
Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is methodology in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characterized by a pseudo-randomized acquisition strategy. It involves creating unique signal patterns or 'fingerprints' for different materials or tissues after which a pattern recognition algorithm matches these fingerprints with a predefined dictionary of expected signal patterns.
For example, most biometric features could disclose physiological and/or pathological medical conditions (e.g., some fingerprint patterns are related to chromosomal diseases, iris patterns could reveal sex, hand vein patterns could reveal vascular diseases, most behavioral biometrics could reveal neurological diseases, etc.). [50]
The fourth product is the most advanced of the group, and while it is not touchless, there is no contact with the scanner, just with an "optical scanning area." A list of nine "contactless fingerprint technologies that are worth noting" is part of the report. Of the top three, the first closed in 2011.
The swipe fingerprint sensor uses 3D sensing technology to image a high-resolution 3D picture of the fingerprint. Rolling or pressing the finger against a sensor can cause inconsistencies because the skin deforms when being pressed against the sensor. 3D touch-less fingerprint scanners can overcome these problems for a faster and more ...